LEC/Hok

(威爾森氏症)

分類:
NBRP Rat No0042
品系名稱LEC/Hok
俗名LEC, Long Evans Cinnamon
毛色cinnamon-like (A,B,C,D,r)
近交系世代F107 (May 2009)
Genetic StatusInbred, Spont. Mutant
應用癌症、免疫
Gene AffectedAtp7b: ATPase, Cu++ transporting, beta polypeptide, Ptprk: protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, K
來源 1975年,北海道大學實驗生物中心自神戶大學引入封閉群體的Long-Evans大鼠,並建立了LEC和LEA(NBRP No.0041)兩個近交品系。

1984年,在第24代的LEC大鼠中,發現了一個伴隨嚴重黃疸的肝炎個體(Yoshida, 1987)。(Jul 20, 2010)

特徵肝炎、肝癌、銅代謝失調、威爾森氏症模式動物、輔助性T細胞缺失、X光高敏感性。

大鼠在約4個月齡時會突發自發性急性肝炎。發病後,觀察到嚴重的黃疸、皮下出血、寡尿(oliguria)和體重減輕。約40%個體死亡(Yoshida, 1987;Mori, 1994)。倖存的個體會發展為慢性肝炎,由於肝臟中的銅積累進而發展為肝癌。交配實驗表明,肝炎的發生是由單一的染色體隱性基因hts(hepatitis)引起的(Yoshida, 1987;Masuda, 1988)。

基因分析發現,hts是一個900 bp缺失,包含銅輸送相關Atp7b的3'-coding region(Wu, 1994)。

輔助性T細胞缺陷是由染色體隱性基因thid(T-helper immunodeficiency)引起的,並且在胸腺中觀察到CD4+ T細胞成熟過程中的異常(Yamada, 1991;Agui, 1990)。研究表明,thid基因位於第1染色體上,發現有380 kb缺失,包含Ptprk基因的多個區域、Themis基因的promoter以及exon 1區域(Asano, 2007;Kose, 2007;Iwata, 2010)。 此外,還確認了其對於X光的高敏感性(Hayashi, 1992)。

相關的QTL定位於第4染色體(Agui, 2000),正使用congenic大鼠進行分析(Tsuji, 2005)。(Jul 20, 2010)

繁殖狀態 通過兄妹交配進行維持,但繁殖困難,致死率約為40%。

Reference 參考文獻

  1. Yoshida MC, Masuda R, Sasaki M, Takeichi N, Kobayashi H, Dempo K, Mori M. New mutation causing hereditary hepatitis in the laboratory rat. J Hered. 1987 Nov-Dec;78(6):361-5.
  2. Mori M, Hattori A, Sawaki M, Tsuzuki N, Sawada N, Oyamada M, Sugawara N, Enomoto K. The LEC rat: a model for human hepatitis, liver cancer, and much more. Am J Pathol. 1994 Jan;144(1):200-4.
  3. Masuda R, Yoshida MC, Sasaki M, Dempo K, Mori M. Hereditary hepatitis of LEC rats is controlled by a single autosomal recessive gene. Lab Anim. 1988 Apr;22(2):166-9.
  4. Wu J, Forbes JR, Chen HS, Cox DW. The LEC rat has a deletion in the copper transporting ATPase gene homologous to the Wilson disease gene. Nat Genet. 1994 Aug;7(4):541-5.
  5. Yamada T, Natori T, Izumi K, Sakai T, Agui T, Matsumoto K. Inheritance of T helper immunodeficiency (thid) in LEC mutant rats. Immunogenetics. 1991;33(3):216-9.
  6. Agui T, Oka M, Yamada T, Sakai T, Izumi K, Ishida Y, Himeno K, Matsumoto K. Maturational arrest from CD4+8+ to CD4+8- thymocytes in a mutant strain (LEC) of rat. J Exp Med. 1990 Dec 1;172(6):1615-24.
  7. Asano A, Tsubomatsu K, Jung CG, Sasaki N, Agui T. A deletion mutation of the protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa (Ptprk) gene is responsible for T-helper immunodeficiency (thid) in the LEC rat. Mamm Genome. 2007 Nov;18(11):779-86.
  8. Kose H, Sakai T, Tsukumo S, Wei K, Yamada T, Yasutomo K, Matsumoto K. Maturational arrest of thymocyte development is caused by a deletion in the receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa gene in LEC rats. Genomics. 2007 Jun;89(6):673-7.
  9.  Iwata R, Sasaki N, Agui T. Contiguous gene deletion of Ptprk and Themis causes T-helper immunodeficiency (thid) in the LEC rat. Biomed Res. 2010;31(1):83-7.
  10. Agui T, Miyamoto T, Jung CG, Tsumagari T, Masuda K, Manabe T.Genetic linkage analysis of X-ray hypersensitivity in the LEC mutant rat. Mamm Genome. 2000 Oct;11(10):862-5.Tsuji AB, Sugyo A, Ogiu T, Sagara M, Kimura T, Ishikawa A, Sudo H, Ohtsuki M, Aburatani H, Imai T, Harada YN. Fine mapping of radiation susceptibility and gene expression analysis of LEC congenic rat lines. Genomics. 2005 Sep;86(3):271-9.
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